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Eric Frey
October 25th, 2010, 07:42 AM
I am going to be doing a sermon series on Holy Communion which will be primarily a set of teaching sermons exploring such things as Christ's institution, what it means to be a means of grace, the question of frequency, etc. A while back, an Anglo-catholic friend suggested that to understand the Eucharist, I must first understand Todah sacrifice in the Old Testament. I didn't really do much with it at the time, but now as I have been working on this series, I have looked into it a little. One website says this:


The Todah Sacrifice

The ancient Jews had a special ritual meal called the Todah (Hebrew: thanks) (pronounce: Taw-DAH). Although the Todah sacrificed an animal, it was greater than other animal sacrifices because it added the suffering of one's own life. David wrote, Ps 40:6,8 "Burnt offering and sin offering Thou hast not required. … I delight to do Thy will, O my God; Thy law is within my heart." Again, David wrote, Ps 51:17 "The sacrifice acceptable to God is a broken spirit." And again, Ps 69:30 "I will praise the name of God with a song; I will magnify Him with thanksgiving. This will please the Lord more than an ox or a bull with horns and hoofs." Isaiah spoke the words of God, Is 1:11 "I have had enough of burnt offerings of rams." God called instead for a baptism: Is 1:16 "Wash yourselves; make yourselves clean; remove the evil of your doings from My eyes; cease to do evil, learn to do good."

The seventy elders who went up with Moses to see God offered the Todah: Ex 24:11 "They beheld God, and ate and drank." Twelve centuries later, twelve apostles beheld God, and ate and drank as Jesus prepared to offer His Todah sacrifice: Lk 22:19 "He took bread, and when He had given thanks He broke it…" From the beginning, Christ's Body, Blood, Soul and Divinity has been called Holy Eucharist (Greek: eucharistia, thanksgiving).

The ancient rabbis believed that when the Messiah would come all sacrifices except the Todah would cease, but the Todah would continue for all eternity. In 70 AD the Temple fell to earth and all of the bloody animal sacrifices stopped. Only the Todah remains, the eucharistia, the Final Sacrifice at which the last words spoken are Todah l'Adonai, "Thanks be to God."

What I have realized as I have dug into this topic is that I am not nearly well enough versed in sacrificial theology to really know what I think of the connection being made between the two practices. If there is any connection, then it would certainly speak to eucharist as both thanksgiving and as sacrifice, both of which have been major components of historical eucharistic theology (as well as Wesley's own understanding) but which have also both fallen away from our evangelical understanding.

I was wondering if any of you have any experience to this concept, or have much deeper understanding of the sacraficial system to comment on eucharist as todah. Any help would be appreciated.

John Reilly
October 25th, 2010, 08:08 AM
Eric, I recommend this book to you. William T. Cavanaugh. Torture and Eucharist. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 1998.
Cavanaugh presents a deep and significant insight into the relationship between torture and Eucharist. Jesus was tortured to death. His body was given to his disciples. His body disappears. “Christianity itself is founded on a disappearance.” The Eucharist is habeas corpus, his body given to us in the resurrection of Jesus. The church will always know Jesus in the breaking of bread. “In the Eucharist the church keeps alive the subversive memory of Christ’s past confrontation with and triumph over worldly power.” In Todah l'Adonai, we celebrate the gift of Jesus' Body given in resurrection and remembrance to the body, the mystical body of Christ.

Shea Zellweger
October 25th, 2010, 09:36 AM
Eric- I like your Todah comparison.
If you're interested in connecting the Eucharist to Jewish tradition, you may want to also look at the symbolism of the passover meal as it relates to Jesus' words. The breaking of the bread would have been accompanied by a prayer which went something like "We praise you, oh LORD, for this your paschal sacrifice." The broken Matzah would also have sat between two other pieces of Matzah. When Jesus said "this is my body, broken for you," he was identifying himself with the Paschal sacrifice (the part about being in between two others is interesting in that it may foreshadow the manner of execution)

the cup after dinner was the cup of the covenant, and could only be consumed by Elijah or the Messiah. Doesn't take much to connect the dots there.

I don't recall what source I originally found this in, but I see it's in Wikipedia's Passover Seder (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passover_seder) article now.

Susan Unger
October 25th, 2010, 10:21 AM
Jews for Jesus had a presentation called Christ in the Passover. Would that be it?


Eric- I like your Todah comparison.
If you're interested in connecting the Eucharist to Jewish tradition, you may want to also look at the symbolism of the passover meal as it relates to Jesus' words. The breaking of the bread would have been accompanied by a prayer which went something like "We praise you, oh LORD, for this your paschal sacrifice." The broken Matzah would also have sat between two other pieces of Matzah. When Jesus said "this is my body, broken for you," he was identifying himself with the Paschal sacrifice (the part about being in between two others is interesting in that it may foreshadow the manner of execution)

the cup after dinner was the cup of the covenant, and could only be consumed by Elijah or the Messiah. Doesn't take much to connect the dots there.

I don't recall what source I originally found this in, but I see it's in Wikipedia's Passover Seder (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passover_seder) article now.

Eric Frey
October 25th, 2010, 11:36 AM
Eric- I like your Todah comparison.
If you're interested in connecting the Eucharist to Jewish tradition, you may want to also look at the symbolism of the passover meal as it relates to Jesus' words. The breaking of the bread would have been accompanied by a prayer which went something like "We praise you, oh LORD, for this your paschal sacrifice." The broken Matzah would also have sat between two other pieces of Matzah. When Jesus said "this is my body, broken for you," he was identifying himself with the Paschal sacrifice (the part about being in between two others is interesting in that it may foreshadow the manner of execution)

the cup after dinner was the cup of the covenant, and could only be consumed by Elijah or the Messiah. Doesn't take much to connect the dots there.

I don't recall what source I originally found this in, but I see it's in Wikipedia's Passover Seder (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passover_seder) article now.

I found several articles that argue that the todah is the link between Passover and Eucharist. I guess my concern is that nearly all the articles I am finding are from RC sources. So is this a distinctly RC idea, or is it a more widely held/accepted idea?

Shea Zellweger
October 25th, 2010, 11:41 AM
Jews for Jesus had a presentation called Christ in the Passover. Would that be it?
I don't use their stuff, so probably not, but I'm sure it would work as a resource.


I found several articles that argue that the todah is the link between Passover and Eucharist. I guess my concern is that nearly all the articles I am finding are from RC sources. So is this a distinctly RC idea, or is it a more widely held/accepted idea?

That's a good question.

Billie Goodson
October 25th, 2010, 11:54 AM
Two readings that may be relevant:

Word and Table: Reflections on a Theology of Worship (http://www.crivoice.org/wordtable.html)

The Passover Seder for Christians (http://www.crivoice.org/haggadah.html)